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Iodine Fuming

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Development Color:
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Method to Record:
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Hazard:
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Protective Clothing: 
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 Fume Hood Use:
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Formula
Procedure of Application
Development Complete When
Source of Error
Incompatibilities
Precautions
Storage Container
Safety
Recommendations
Sequential Reagent
Formula
Several commercial models of Iodine Fuming kits and chambers are available. Read manufacturer's instructions. Pack about 1/2 teaspoon of iodine crystals into the fuming kit/chamber. Follow the manufacturer's instructions.​







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Procedure of Application
  1. Prepare the photographic set-up by pre-setting camera lighting, aperature and shutter speed.
  2. Low temperature heat is required to submimate the iodine crystals into fumes.
  3. Pass the fumes over the surface to be examined.
  4. Photograph any developed detail immediately.






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Development Complete When
Maximum yellow-brown detail is developed upon exposure to iodine fumes.






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Source of Error
Sufficient low temperature heat is required to create the violet colored iodine fumes from the iodine crystals.

Moisture removing agents such as Calcium carbonate are needed to assure that dry fumes are created.




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Incompatibilities
Items cannot be processed with cyanoacrylate prior to iodine fuming.

Metal items that would corrode upon exposure to iodine fumes.

Developed detail may not be readidly visible on dark surfaces.



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Precautions
Do not breathe or inhale iodine fumes.

Do not allow iodine fumes to contact any photography equipment which is nearby.





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Storage Container
Dark stoppered glass bottles.







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Safety
Iodine fumes are labeled as TOXIC and CORROSIVE. Do not inhale the fumes. Use a Fume hood, or use in a well ventilated area.



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Recommendations
It is necessary to have previously set-up the photography that will be used to record any developed detail.


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Sequential Reagent
  • D.F.O.
  • Ninhydrin
  • Physical developer



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Chemical Name
Iodine Fuming
​Surface Used On
Porous & Non-Porous Surfaces
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Sensitive To
Fatty & Oily Components
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Abridged Reagent Sequence
  1. Visual Examination
  2. Forensic Light
  3. Iodine Fuming
  4. Ninhydrin​
  5. Physical Developer
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Ridge Detail Visualized by:
Visible Chemical/Stain Reaction
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Reagent Applicabilities:
Non-Porous Surfaces
Porous Surfaces
Raw Wood Surfaces

Other Chemical Name(s):

Iodine Vapor
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Working Solution Shelf-life:
Indefinite

Process Summary:
A non-destructive fuming technique that can be used on porous and non-porous surfaces. The developed ridge detail dissipates quickly, so it is necessary to have previously set-up the photography that will be used to record any developed detail. Several commerical kits are available to be used for iodine fuming. 

Accepted Deviations:
A "Liquid Iodine" method may be used if it is necessary to retard the dissipation of the developed detail, however the "non-destructive" character of iodine fuming is lost due to the application of liquid chemicals to the surface.

Fixing solutions containing Naphthoflavone can be applied. The application of this solution will interfere with sequential reagents. ​

Supporting Reference Materials:
  1. Minutiae Magazine, Summer Special 1994, Issue No. 24, pg.7.
  2. "Chemical Formulas and Processing Guide for Developing Latent Prints", U.S. Dept. of Justice, pg. 47-48, 1994.
  3. Advances in Fingeprint Technology 2nd. Ed., Lee, H.C. & Gaensslen, R.E., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL., 2001.
  4. Manual of Fingerprint Development Techniques 2nd. Ed., Home Office - Police Scientific Development Branch, White Crescent Press, Ltd., Luton, England, 2001.
  5. Technical Notes, Lightning Powder Co. Inc., Salem, OR., 2001.

Address
Chesapeake Bay Division - International Association for Identification   

P.O. Box 38369, 
Henrico, VA 23231
Email
cbdiaisec@gmail.com
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